Generating first messages

We have already created a simple contract reacting to an Empty message on instantiate. Unfortunately, it is not very useful. Let's make it reactive.

Updating dependencies

First, we need to add sylvia and some other crates to our project.

[package]
name = "contract"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2021"

[lib]
crate-type = ["cdylib"]

[dependencies]
cosmwasm-std = { version = "1.1", features = ["staking"] }
cosmwasm-schema = "1.1.6"
serde = { version = "1.0.147", features = ["derive"] }
sylvia = "0.2.1"
schemars = "0.8.11"

We had to add also some more dependencies required for generated by sylvia code to compile:

cosmwasm-schema - we will later rely on this dependency to generate the API schema of our contract.
serde - very important framework for serializing and deserializing Rust data structures. It is crucial as serialization is required for messages to be sent from and to the contract.
schemars - it will also be required later when dealing with generating the schema of our API.

Creating an instantiation message

For, this step we will create a new file:

src/contract.rs - here, we will define our messages and behavior of the contract upon receiving them

Add this module to src/lib.rs. You want it to be public, as users might want to get access to types stored inside your contract.

pub mod contract;

use cosmwasm_std::{entry_point, DepsMut, Empty, Env, MessageInfo, Response, StdResult};

#[entry_point]
pub fn instantiate(
    _deps: DepsMut,
    _env: Env,
    _info: MessageInfo,
    _msg: Empty,
) -> StdResult<Response> {
    Ok(Response::new())
}

Now let's create an instantiate method for our contract. In src/contract.rs

use cosmwasm_std::{DepsMut, Env, MessageInfo, Response, StdResult};
use schemars;
use sylvia::contract;

pub struct AdminContract;

pub type ContractError = cosmwasm_std::StdError;

#[contract]
impl AdminContract {
    #[msg(instantiate)]
    pub fn instantiate(&self, _ctx: (DepsMut, Env, MessageInfo)) -> StdResult<Response> {
        Ok(Response::new())
    }
}

So what is going on here? First, we define the Admin struct. It is empty right now but later when we will learn about states and their fields will be used to store them. We introduce the alias ContractError, required by sylvia. Later we will create our custom ContractError, but for now, it is enough to just alias the cosmwasm_std::StdError. Notice it is marked as pub as we want it to be accessible in other modules. Next, we create an impl block for Admin and invoke the contract attribute macro from sylvia. It will generate a lot of boilerplate for us regarding messages generation and their dispatch. It will also make sure that none of the messages overlap and will catch it on compile time. Then there is a method instantiate which currently doesn't do much. What's important here is the #[msg(instantiate)]. contract macro will parse through the method and, based on its structure, generate InstantiateMsg with parameters equal to ones declared in instantiate method past _ctx. F.e., this will generate among others

impl AdminContract {
    pub fn instantiate(
        &self,
        _ctx: (DepsMut, Env, MessageInfo),
    ) -> StdResult<Response> {
        Ok(Response::new())
    }
}
#[allow(clippy::derive_partial_eq_without_eq)]
#[derive(
    sylvia::serde::Serialize,
    sylvia::serde::Deserialize,
    Clone,
    Debug,
    PartialEq,
    sylvia::schemars::JsonSchema,
)]
#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
pub struct InstantiateMsg {}

impl InstantiateMsg {
    pub fn dispatch(
        self,
        contract: &AdminContract,
        ctx: (
            cosmwasm_std::DepsMut,
            cosmwasm_std::Env,
            cosmwasm_std::MessageInfo,
        ),
    ) -> StdResult<Response> {
        let Self {} = self;
        contract.instantiate(ctx.into()).map_err(Into::into)
    }
}

Let's focus on instantiate right now. As you can see, struct InstantiateMsg with all needed derives is being generated for you. Most important are Serialize and Deserialize There is also #[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")], which is not important for now.

Sylvia also generates a dispatch method for every msg linking it with user specified-behavior. One of its arguments is AdminContract, on which the message should be dispatched. Let's create the new method:

src/contract.rs

use cosmwasm_std::{DepsMut, Env, MessageInfo, Response, StdResult};
use schemars;
use sylvia::contract;

pub struct AdminContract;

pub type ContractError = cosmwasm_std::StdError;

#[contract]
impl AdminContract {
    #[msg(instantiate)]
    pub fn instantiate(&self, _ctx: (DepsMut, Env, MessageInfo)) -> StdResult<Response> {
        Ok(Response::new())
    }
}

Great, now we can modify the src/lib.rs

pub mod contract;

use cosmwasm_std::{entry_point, DepsMut, Empty, Env, MessageInfo, Response, StdResult};

use crate::contract::{InstantiateMsg, AdminContract};

#[entry_point]
pub fn instantiate(
    deps: DepsMut,
    env: Env,
    info: MessageInfo,
    msg: InstantiateMsg,
) -> StdResult<Response> {
    msg.dispatch(&AdminContract, (deps, env, info))
}

Empty is now changed to InstantiateMsg generated by sylvia. We dispatch the message, and it will trigger instatiation method. For now, it is just returning an empty Response, but let's change it in the following chapters, where we will introduce states and queries.

Sylvia book

Generating first messages

Updating dependencies

Creating an instantiation message